Language Development in Child

Language Development Index

Age	Language Development Sign....
6-Months	Vocalization with intonation Responds to his name Responds to human voices without visual cues by turning his head and eyes Responds appropriately to friendly and angry tones
12 Months	Uses one or more words with meaning (this may be a fragment of a word) Understands simple instructions, especially if vocal or physical cues are given Practices inflection Is aware of the social value of speech
18 Months	Has vocabulary of approximately 5-20 words Vocabulary made up chiefly of nouns Some echolalia (repeating a word or phrase over and over) Much jargon with emotional content Is able to follow simple commands
24 Months	Can name a number of objects common to his surroundings Is able to use at least two prepositions, usually chosen from the following: in, on, under Combines words into a short sentence-largely noun-verb combinations (mean) length of sentences is given as 1.2 words Approximately 2/3 of what child says should be intelligible Vocabulary of approximately 150-300 words Rhythm and fluency often poor Volume and pitch of voice not yet well-controlled Can use two pronouns correctly: I, me, you, although me and I are often confused My and mine are beginning to emerge Responds to such commands as “show me your eyes (nose, mouth, hair)”
36 Months	Use pronouns I, you, me correctly Is using some plurals and past tenses Knows at least three prepositions, usually in, on, under Knows chief parts of body and should be able to indicate these if not name Handles three word sentences easily Has in the neighborhood of 900-1000 words About 90% of what child says should be intelligible Verbs begin to predominate Understands most simple questions dealing with his environment and activities Relates his experiences so that they can be followed with reason Able to reason out such questions as “what must you do when you are sleepy, hungry, cool, or thirsty?” Should be able to give his sex, name, age Should not be expected to answer all questions even though he understands what is expected
48 Months	Knows names of familiar animals Can use at least four prepositions or can demonstrate his understanding of their meaning when given commands Names common objects in picture books or magazines Knows one or more colors Can repeat 4 digits when they are given slowly Can usually repeat words of four syllables Demonstrates understanding of over and under Has most vowels and diphthongs and the consonants p, b, m, w, n well established Often indulges in make-believe Extensive verbalization as he carries out activities Understands such concepts as longer, larger, when a contrast is presented Readily follows simple commands even thought the stimulus objects are not in sight Much repetition of words, phrases, syllables, and even sounds
60 Months	Can use many descriptive words spontaneously-both adjectives and adverbs Knows common opposites: big-little, hard-soft, heave-light, etc Has number concepts of 4 or more Can count to ten Speech should be completely intelligible, in spite of articulation problems Should have all vowels and the consonants, m,p,b,h,w,k,g,t,d,n,ng,y (yellow) Should be able to repeat sentences as long as nine words Should be able to define common objects in terms of use (hat, shoe, chair) Should be able to follow three commands given without interruptions Should know his age Should have simple time concepts: morning, afternoon, night, day, later, after, while Tomorrow, yesterday, today Should be using fairly long sentences and should use some compound and some complex sentences Speech on the whole should be grammatically correct
6-Years	In addition to the above consonants these should be mastered: f, v, sh, zh, th,1 He should have concepts of 7 Speech should be completely intelligible and socially useful Should be able to tell one a rather connected story about a picture, seeing relationships Between objects and happenings
7- Years	Should have mastered the consonants s-z, r, voiceless th, ch, wh, and the soft g as in George Should handle opposite analogies easily: girl-boy, man-woman, flies-swims, blunt-sharp short-long, sweet-sour, etc Understands such terms as: alike, different, beginning, end, etc Should be able to tell time to quarter hour Should be able to do simple reading and to write or print many words
8-Years	Can relate rather involved accounts of events, many of which occurred at some time in the past Complex and compound sentences should be used easily Should be few lapses in grammatical constrictions-tense, pronouns, plurals All speech sounds, including consonant blends should be established Should be reading with considerable ease and now writing simple compositions Social amenities should be present in his speech in appropriate situations Control of rate, pitch, and volume are generally well and appropriately established Can carry on conversation at rather adult level Follows fairly complex directions with little repetition Has well developed time and number concepts

Signs of Facebook Addiction in Children

Signs of Facebook Addiction in a Children or Teenager's :

1. Spending more than an hour on Facebook each day.
2. Staying up too late and losing sleep to spend more time on Facebook.
3. Caught trying to get around Facebook limits at home and school (sneaking out of bed at night, using Facebook Mobile at school, etc.).
4. Putting Facebook ahead of homework, school, and other activities.
5. Opting to stay on Facebook instead of seeing friends in person.
6. Panicking at the idea of being away from Facebook for any length of time (on vacation, during a power outage, etc.)

Child's sex behaviors

Understand child's sex behaviors

Sexual Behaviour And Sexuality Are Difficult Topics To Confront For Several Reasons, Only One Of Which Is The Reluctance Of Many People To Address Or Discuss The Subjects. The Topics Become Even More Difficult When We Have To Speak About Them In Relation To Children. When Children Engage In Sexual Behaviour In School Settings, Teachers And Principals Are Faced With Sensitive Cultural, Gender, Religious, Spiritual, Legal And Professional Issues.

What Is Problem Sexual Behaviour?

There Is A Wide Range Of Behaviour That Can Be Considered Problematic. Such Behaviour Can
Include:
• A Single Incident That Indicates A Child Has Knowledge Of Adult Sexual Behaviour Beyond His/Her Age And Developmental Level
• A Pattern Of Sexual Behaviour, Which, Although The Behaviours Themselves May Be Normal , Does Not Respond To Correction By Adults
• Sexual Behaviours That Are Atypical For A Child’s Developmental Level Or Suggest That A Child Is Pre-Occupied With Sexual Matters
• Sexual Behaviours That Do Not Involve Other Students But Are A Problem For The Student Himself Or Herself (E.G., Excessive Masturbation That Interferes With Academic Work And/Or Peer Relationships)
• Sexual Behaviours That Bother Or Seriously Disturb Other Students

How Do Children Develop Problem Sexual Behavior?

Children’s Problem Sexual Behaviours Can Be Placed In Three Groupings, Each With Different
Origins:
1. Reactive Sexual Behaviour- Some Children Do Sexual Things Because Of What They Have Experienced Or Witnessed
2. Sexualized Behaviour- Some Children Have Had So Much Trouble In Their Lives That They Feel Profoundly Sad, Lonely, Or Empty, And Discover That Sexual Behaviour Helps Them Cope With Unpleasant And Negative Emotions.
3. Coercive Sexual Behaviour- A Few Children Who Have Experienced A Long History Of Powerlessness And Physical And Sexual Abuse, Or Have Witnessed Violence, Come To Engage In Coercive Sexual Behaviour That Mimics That Of Aggressive Adult Sexual Behaviour.

Helping Your Children To Change Their Behaviour-

Step 1-  Find Out Which Of The Child’s Specific Behaviour Need To Be Changed, Such As Persistent Sex Play Or Pressuring A Younger To Have Sexual Contact. Then Look At How Often It Has Happened, What Else Goes On While It Happens, And What Reward The Child Gets From It. For Example, Child May Get Attention For His/Her Behaviour; It May Feel Good, Or  It May Be A Way Of Having Control Over Others.

Step 2- Make A Plan To Stop The Behaviour. What To Do (Ignoring, Time Out Or Punishment) Depends On How Serious The Behaviour Is. Be Sure To Tell The Child What Behaviour You Are Concerned About And What You Are Going To Do. Then Follow Through With It.

Step 3- Make A Plan To Praise Positive Behviour. Figure Out What Child Is Getting From The Sexual Behaviour And Look For Others Ways To Meet Those Needs. For Example, If Child Does Not Know How To Tell People When He Or She Is Angry, Find Ways To Help Him Or Her Express Her Anger, Such As Talking About It Or Drawing Pictures. If Child Needs Attention, Give It When He Or She Is Behaving Well. Teach The Child Things To Do To Help Control Himself/Herself, Like Asking For Help, Leaving The Situation Or Taking Time To Think Things Thorough Before Acting.

Step 4- Protect The Children. When Children Cannot Stop Misbehaving On Their Own, Don’t Give Them Chances To Continue Misbehaving. This Means Watching Them Closely, Not Allow Them To Play With Other Children Without Adults Around Who Know What To Watch For. When Children Have Proven They Can Behave, It May Be Possible To Become More Flexible.

Step 5- Take Care Of Yourself. You Will Be Less Able To Help Your Child If You Are Angry, Depressed Or Overwhelmed. Talk To Family And Friends About Your Feelings, Get Advice From People You Trust, Consult Your Doctor Or Talk To Your Counselor. Even Though This Is A Stressful Time, Try To Stay Focused On Helping Your Child And Strengthening Your Family. In The Long Run, If You Are Handling The Situation Well, That Will Be The Most Help.


Responsibilities Of School Staff-

All School Staff Are Responsible For The Initial Intervention When They Observe Problem Sexual Behaviour By A Student, Or When Such Behaviour Is Reported By A Student. The Initial Intervention Includes Talking To The Student Who Exhibited The Behaviour, Documenting The Incident, Informing The Principal, And Reporting To A Child Protection Social Worker/Police When Necessary. However, School Personnel Have Specific Responsibilities Beyond The Initial Intervention. Responsibilities May Vary Depending On The Seriousness Of The Behaviour.

An Effective School Response To Children’s Problem 

Sexual Behaviors Has Three Goals :

1. Encourage Communication — Adults Provide A Model For The Child By Being Able To Talk Clearly And Calmly About The Sexual Behaviour.
2. Develop Empathy — Adults Help The Child To Recognize And Interpret Cues That Signal Others’ Feelings And Needs, And Tell The Child About The Impact Of Her Or His Behaviour On Others.
3. Promote Accountability — Adults Help The Child Develop The Ability To “Catch” His Or Her Thoughts, Recognize Thinking Errors, And Understand That Behaviour Does Not “Just Happen.”

The Teacher:

• Talks To The Student(S) Involved And The Student Who Was Mistreated To Gather More
Information As Required
• Informs The Principal Of Incidents When They Occur
• Consults With School Counsellor Concerning Needs Of Students
• Documents The Incident And The Intervention
• Informs Parents Of Students Or Assists Principal And Counsellor In Talking To Parents
• Participates In The Development And Implementation Of A Safety And Support Plan
• Implements Behaviour Management Strategies In The Classroom, As Necessary
• May Provide Classroom Lessons/Discussion On Boundaries

The Principal:

• Receives Information (I.E., Reports) From Any Staff Person Or Parent Concerning Problem Sexual
Behaviour By Student(S)
• Stores Documentation In A Confidential, Secure Location (Not Part Of Student File)
• Contacts And Meets With Parents (I.E., Levels 2 And 3, Page 13)
• Convenes And Chairs Safety And Support Plan Team
• Assumes Role Of Case Manager Or Delegates The Responsibility To A Staff Member In The School
• Participates In The Development And Implementation Of The Safety And Support Plan

The Counsellor:

• Assists The Principal In Talking With Parents
• Determines Students’ Need For Further Support
• Consults With A Mental Health Professional (With Parents’ Written Permission)
• Participates In The Development Of A Safety And Support Plan
• Provides Support For The Classroom Teacher In Implementing Behaviour Management Strategies
• Discusses Boundary Issues With His Or Her Class
• Works With Student(S) Involved

The Support Staff:

• Informs Principal Of Incidents Of Problem Sexual Behaviour
• Documents The Incident
• Participates In The Development And Implementation Of The Safety And Support Plan As Requested
By The Principal
• Assists Classroom Teacher In Implementing Behaviour Management Strategies

Thanks

Dr.Shweta singh

Lecturer,

Dpt. of Applied Psychology,

V.B.S.Purvanchal University

Jaunpur,U.P.,INDIA

mail- shweta_opsingh@rediffmail.com

Is I Am ADHD ( Attention Deficit Hyperactive ) ?

Message 

Hello friends now these days parents and teachers often confuse about the child behaviour and their activities  they things if a child is sightly active and playful he must have some kind of abnormality in behavior. On that regard here i am showing you some research based analysis which explain you that what exact means by ADHD. Hope you people enjoy and must get some insight about your child.

__________________________________ADHD

Symptom of ADHD:-

1. LOW IN ATTENTION
2. MOVE BODY PART FREQUENTLY
3. LIKE TO PLAY BUT VERY EASILY DISTRACT 
4.  LOOK RESTLESS
5. NOT ABLE TO MAINTAIN EYE TO EYE CONTACT MORE THEN FEW SECOND 
6. SOME TIME MOVE HERE AND THERE AIMLESSLY 
7. PHYSICAL ACTIVITY IS INCREASE IN COMPARISON TO THE SAME AGE CHILD 
8. GRIP HARD ON THINGS
9. ABUSE SOME TIME EVEN AT SMALL STIMULUS
10. BEAT CHILDREN OR ANIMAL WITH HIGH FORCE 

Duration :- at least 6 months  

Age- Minimum 5 year and after

                                                           if any parents see near to all problem in his child then they must think to consult a child psychologist for the proper evaluation and management.

More study and understanding of ADHD  must read this scientific book at W.H.O web

Thanks

https://youtu.be/nVXh94McsQ0

Reading Problems

Your Child’s Reading Problems:   

Do any of these problems sound like your child?

• She should be able to read in school by now—but she can’t. 
•                            
• It sounds like he reads very well—but he doesn't understand a word of it.
• 
  
• She is stressed and sick because she says she hates school or can’t do her work.
• 
  
• He says he doesn't care about school, and tries to avoid going, because he can’t keep up.
• 
  
• One day she seems to understand what is being taught. The next day, it’s as if she never saw it before.
• 
  
• Reading at home is a daily battle between you and your kid . . . arguing, struggling, maybe even yelling.
• 
  
• You are scared, concerned and worried about your child’s future if his reading doesn’t improve—fast. 

If you’re worried that your child may be suffering with a Reading problem, it’s time to make an appointment  at Hello Psychologist Child Development Centre Lucknow INDIA.

You can make an appointment with us by calling--9415370790,9369160546

Improvement Without Medicine

TV Watching

Control TV watching Children 

1. Get the TV out of the Bedroom

Having a TV in the bedroom may keep your kids quiet, but you lose control over what and how much they watch. A recent study found that children who had a TV in their bedroom watched more TV and performed worse in school tests.

If your child already has a TV in their bedroom, you may have a job on your hands to get it out. We recommend that you just remove the TV and explain your reasons to your child. Be prepared for protests, but remember that you are acting in the best interests of your child, and that you are the boss.

2. Don’t have the TV on in the Background

If no-one’s watching it, turn the telly off! TV has an amazing effect on us. We instinctively pay attention to moving images, so when a television is on it is difficult to concentrate on other things. Remember, the “off” button is there for a reason.

3. Don’t Allow Unsupervised Access

Do you really know what the kids are watching? Many studies have shown that children can be exposed to violent and sexual imagery that is inappropriate for their age. Keep track of what your kids are watching, and avoid having loads of TV sets around the house.

4. Agree Programmes

Buy a TV guide, and agree in advance which programmes your children will watch. This won’t take long, and will save your children from hours of zombie-like channel surfing. Most Sunday newspapers have a weekly TV guide included. Set rules for acceptable programmes together, and develop a list of programmes to be watched.

5. Agree TV Time

Agree with your children how much time the family will spend watching TV during the week. Remember to be firm during the negotiations. Your kids need to know that you are the boss – much easier with younger children.

If your children are massive telly addicts, you will need to reduce their screen time gradually. The most important thing for telly addicts is to replace TV time with something else, so you might need to think about active hobbies for your kids.

6. Assess the Situation

Keep a TV log for a week, and work out how much time you and your children spend in front of the box. Just write down the number of hours of TV you’ve watched – you may find this surprising.

7. Record Programmes

Record movies and programmes that you like, and watch them at convenient times. This can help to minimise the effect that TV has on your family’s sleeping and eating patterns.

8. Discuss the Plan

Explain to your children the reason why too much TV is a bad idea, and get their opinions. This is crucial, since you want your children to develop good TV habits that they will take with them into adulthood. Don’t be too dictatorial, and explain your actions. Your children will get into the habit of being discerning viewers.

You’re the boss, and you need to take a lead, but you have to bring your children with you. If your children are very young, this will not be a problem – they will just accept your rules as being normal.

9. Encourage Rebellion

Your kids are going to rebel against something so why not make this rebellion a positive process? Point out to your child or young adult that the TV keeps them passive and under control. Your children probably won’t like the idea of being passive zombies controlled by others.

10. Cut the Cable

get rid of the dish. Why not get rid of your satellite TV and with the money you save, rent the odd movie that you’re really keen on? You’ll be able to watch your movie at a more convenient time, you won’t be bombarded with adverts, and you will probably save money.

11. TV Dinners 

Don’t eat in front of the telly! When you are looking at the box, you find it harder to keep track of how full you are. For this reason people tend to overeat when they are watching television.

When children routinely eat meals in front of the TV they are more likely to become overweight. The odd bit of popcorn during a movie is OK, but in general don’t let your family eat meals in front of the TV.

12. Keep Perspective

You don’t have to ditch the TV completely, although believe it or not some people take this option and live perfectly normal lives. TV isn’t all bad…you can see great movies, there are fantastic educational documentaries, and there are great comedy and entertainment shows. Just make sure that you control the TV, and the TV doesn’t control you


thanks

Adhd Treatment in Lucknow

Mutism in Children

Selective Mutism  in Children

Children and adults with selective mutism are fully capable of speech and understanding language but fail to speak in certain situations, though speech is expected of them. The behaviour may be perceived as shyness or rudeness by others. A child with selective mutism may be completely silent at school for years but speak quite freely or even excessively at home. 

Selective mutism is  characterized by the following ways:

 Consistent failure to speak in specific social situations (in which there is an expectation for speaking, e.g., at school) despite speaking in other situations.
 The disturbance interferes with educational or occupational achievement or with social communication.
 The duration of the disturbance is at least 1 month (not limited to the first month of school).
 The failure to speak is not due to a lack of knowledge of, or comfort with, the spoken language required in the social situation.
 The disturbance is not better accounted for by a communication disorder (e.g., stuttering) and does not occur exclusively during the course of a pervasive developmental disorder,schizophrenia, or other psychotic disorder. Shyness, social anxiety, fear of social embarrassment, and/or social isolation and withdrawal
 Difficulty maintaining eye contact
 Blank expression and reluctance to smile
 Stiff and awkward movements
 Difficulty expressing feelings, even to family members
 Tendency to worry more than most people of the same age
 Desire for routine and dislike of changes
 Sensitivity to noise and crowds
 Moodiness
 Sleep problems, Adjustment Problem 

Selective mutism is not a communications disorder and is not part of a developmental disorder. By definition, selective mutism does not include children with conduct disorders, oppositional/defiant behavior, and/or attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder.

The principal problem in children with selective mutism appears to be anxiety. This anxiety (which causes avoidance) seems closest to the definition of social anxiety disorder (social phobia). Indeed, most adults with social anxiety disorder relate strongly and can fully understand selective mutism, even though they themselves were not necessarily children with selective mutism.

Do's and Don'ts for Parents Treating your Selectively Mute Child
• Do learn what “enabling” is.
• Do not ask your child if he or she is going to speak in a given situation.
• Do learn a methodology of “empowering” your child’s potential and initiative.
• Do not continue “enabling” your child’s “addiction to the avoidance of speaking”.
• Do learn to employ a “matter of fact” set of expectations for your child that will facilitate the process of trying to talk.
• Do not show anger when your child is not talking.
• Do learn to be on the same “team” with parenting technique.
• Do not plead with your child to talk.

• Do attentively and patiently listen when your child is attempting to communicate.
• Do not reward your child for talking.
• Do learn to extract thoughts and feelings regarding fear from your child.
• Do not impatiently finish your child’s sentences or encourage over-dependence.
• Do learn to advocate on behalf of your child with school.
Hypnosis is also very useful in these type of problems. 
Thank

Dr.Shweta singh

    Guest Lecturer,

   Dpt. of Applied Psychology,

   V.B.S.Purvanchal University

   Jaunpur,U.P.,INDIA 

     mail- shweta_opsingh@rediffmail.com

Separation Anxiety in children

Separation Anxiety in children

“Separation anxiety is the constant fear of home separation, parents refusal, divorce parents. ”

Separation anxiety has peak age in 12 years to 16 years.

Reason of separation anxiety: -

Excessive love and affection from parents

Excessive control from parents

Lack of confidence in public performance

Any physical disorder

Over protection from family and society 

Symptom during separation anxiety:-

1. Refusal to bed without being near and attachment person

2. Getting up frequently during night to check or to sleep an attachment person

3. Refusal to sleep away home

4. Fear of being alone 

5. Repetitive nightmare

6. Repetitive occurrence of physical complain like – nausea , vomiting , headache, pain in several region of body

7. Excessive need to talk to parents 

8. Social withdrawal 

9. Anxiety 

10. Crying 

11. Avoid to go school

Impact over personality :-

• Development of mental stress

• Fear to make decision making

• Fear to be independent 

• Develop dependency over alcohol and other related drug

• Development of introverts behavior

• Lowering of social life

• Lowering in self confidence 

Remedy and therapy –

Counseling by psychologist

Use of cognitive desensitizing technique

Learning of stress reducing technique like relaxation technique  

Psychological test like deep personality analysis 

Change in social and family support 

Family counselling 

Thanks